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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Medicine and Art</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Medicine and Art</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Медицина и Искусство</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2949-2165</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">97445</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.60042/2949-2165-2025-3-1-103-127</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ СТАТЬИ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>THEORETICAL ARTICLES</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ СТАТЬИ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">THE CURIOUS CONCERT PITCH CONFLICT</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ЛЮБОПЫТНЫЙ СПОР О КОНЦЕРТНОМ СТРОЕ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6939-7451</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Рид</surname>
       <given-names>Джон Стюарт </given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Reid</surname>
       <given-names>John Stuart </given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>john@sonic-age.com</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Sonic Age Ltd</institution>
     <city>Кесвик</city>
     <country>Великобритания</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Sonic Age Ltd</institution>
     <city>Keswick</city>
     <country>United Kingdom</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-13T14:00:05+03:00">
    <day>13</day>
    <month>04</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-13T14:00:05+03:00">
    <day>13</day>
    <month>04</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>3</volume>
   <issue>1</issue>
   <fpage>103</fpage>
   <lpage>127</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-04-13T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>13</day>
     <month>04</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://medicine-art.ru/en/nauka/article/97445/view">https://medicine-art.ru/en/nauka/article/97445/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Спорные точки зрения возникли между сторонниками международного стандарта, концертного строя частотой 440 Герц, используемого почти каждым музыкантом и оркестром в мире, и сторонниками нового стандарта, 432 Герц, используемого несколькими тысячами музыкантов и горсткой ансамблей. В дополнение к сторонникам 440 Герц и 432 Герц, существует и другая группа, которая хотела бы, чтобы тон поднялся до 444 Герц. В этой статье освещаются некоторые ключевые факты, и предлагается сбалансированный взгляд на аргументы как за, так и против различных концертных строев, и включены разделы о: расцвете музыки в древние времена, трех изобретениях, которые помогли определить высоту музыкального тона, краткой истории концертного строя и предполагаемом нацистском заговоре относительно высоты концертного строя. Вопрос о том, является ли музыкальный тон произвольным или существует один ключевой тон, который является естественным, обсуждается во 2-й части статьи, которая будет опубликована в следующем номере журнала</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Conflicting points of view have arisen between supporters of the international standard, 440 Hertz concert pitch, used by almost every musician and orchestra in the world, and proponents of 432 Hertz concert pitch, used by a few thousand musicians and a handful of ensembles. In addition to 440 Hertz and 432 Hertz proponents, another group of musicians would like the concert pitch to rise to 444 Hertz. This article highlights some of the key facts and offers a balanced view of the arguments, both for and against the various concert pitches and includes sections on: the rise of music in ancient times, three inventions that helped identify musical pitch, a brief history of concert pitch and the alleged Nazi conspiracy concerning concert pitch. The question of whether concert pitch is arbitrary or if there is a concert pitch that is natural is discussed in part 2 of the article.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>концертный строй</kwd>
    <kwd>444 Гц</kwd>
    <kwd>440 Гц</kwd>
    <kwd>432 Гц</kwd>
    <kwd>средняя высота тона</kwd>
    <kwd>частота нормального камертона</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>concert pitch</kwd>
    <kwd>444Hz</kwd>
    <kwd>440Hz</kwd>
    <kwd>432Hz</kwd>
    <kwd>Mean Pitch</kwd>
    <kwd>Orchestral Pitch</kwd>
    <kwd>Diapason Normal Pitch</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
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